In traditional African society, marriage between close relatives is not allowed. So unhappy is the woman who fails to get children. Today, we not only speak of marriage as a union of love but also as one whose space is contested by various external forces. Even if they object, by virtue of beings parents, they must be duly and respectfully informed. Unlike, that of my own culture in the United States of America, where I am free as a citizen to choose whomever I may choose to marry and when and if I may marry. After the grooms family hands over the money and other prerequisites to the brides family, the wedding day is planned. It is a given that it has come to stay going with the way gay pride parades and marches have been held around the world especially in countries where it has been legalised like the United Kingdom, the Netherlands to mention a few. C.N Nwadiokwu, 2E.S Nwadiokwu, 3E.N Favour, 4 It must be noted that the African society loves to have children. It is indeed the Although different societies in Africa celebrate marriage differently given the diversity of belief systems, it can be generally stated that marriage manifests a union of love, joy and great intimacy. In this presentation, the traditional African marriage is examined in relation to the involvement of family and community for sustenance from the perspective of Ama Ata Aido'sAnowa.Marriage in this context is a union which brings a man and a woman together for companionship and procreation. They have no reason to impose it on people who had already had their marriage rites. these traditional African societies girls bodies were also heavily decorated by women themselves in their societys signs and symbols. For African women activists, and womens organisations, these threats are magnified. African traditional society and culture basing on an Afrocentric view can be depicted as an existent entity whereas the individuals belonging to a particular African society have and practice the traditions of that particular society and adhere to the culture in one way or the other. Although different societies in Africa celebrate marriage differently given the diversity of belief systems, it can be generally stated that marriage manifests a union of love, joy and great intimacy. This has become a great problem that many igbo men choose to cohabitate with a woman than marry her because of the resultant shame., In a traditional Igbo wedding, the man asks the woman to marry him. I also knew that all cultures had similar rules of engagement when it came to marriage practices. Enter the email address you signed up with and we'll email you a reset link. After this is over, the brides father hands the bride a wooden cup filled with palm wine. Enquires are instituted by both families concerning the behavior, character and most times religion of the families as well as marital status. Your email address will not be published. 10.2307/1971859 JSTOR these traditional African societies girls bodies were also heavily decorated by women themselves in their societys signs and symbols. Feminist philosophers have seen marriage as playing a crucial role in women's oppression and thus a central topic of justice. To browse Academia.edu and the wider internet faster and more securely, please take a few seconds toupgrade your browser. It analyzes gender-role changes or perceptions of change based on students reported interactions in formal education settings. The Bahama of Africa and tribes of Samoa. Woman-to-woman marriage involves the following persons: 1) the female husband . According to Malinowski, " marriage is a contract for the production and maintenance of children." . In some communities, the dead are buried with their belonging e.g. I thought marriage was the same everywhere until I traveled to different regions of the world. Thus, it recommended that cultural practices that are harmful to women should be discarded, To browse Academia.edu and the wider internet faster and more securely, please take a few seconds toupgrade your browser. The history of marriage customs in Africa are, interestingly, based on practices that other cultures around the world have historically practiced. These laws are cultural values. This is a result of their own independent beliefs and traditions which causes them to go about their own unique ritual, although there are few similarities between the two countries., To the Igbo people of West Africa marriage is essential in life. In, Africa and China the children have absolutely no say on whom they are going to marry. Even when they fought their ways through years of conflicts, thank God they have something to celebrate. All Rights Reserved. Each community has a distinct political and social organization. Despite this, recent studies on the marriage institution reveal that speaking of marriage as an exclusive union of love, joy, and great intimacy risks being termed a contradiction amidst the experiences of violence today. All they need is marriage blessings. Learn how your comment data is processed. You can download the paper by clicking the button above. African marriage traditions and customs pdf Some may take wedding traditions for granted, but the road to becoming newlyweds is one that's filled with poignant symbolism for many African American families. Are made up of smaller units called clan. You can download the paper by clicking the button above. Julius Gathogo, Jennifer Sistig, Judith Kotze, Kudzai Biri, Johannes Wessels, Joachim Kuegler, Stephanie Feder, Francis Machingura, Fortune Sibanda, BiAS Series, Reverend Nyasha Madzokere, Canisius Mwandayi, Musa W. Dube, Lovemore Togarasei, Moji Ruele, IN: Networks, Resources and Economic Action. 6. It is also a legal way of ending marriage (Macmillan School Dictionary, 2011). This means that GBV is not exclusive to any gender. The Igbo have a marriage system that straddles the line of old traditions, types, and new trends to the Igbo structure., Marriage is an important step in the life of nearly every human on earth. Anyone can have a wedding but only God can create a marriage. What is new is the reaffirmation of marriage vows during marriage anniversaries. He is a contributor for the International Social Magazine, African Pride Magazine, International Punch and African News Digest. God created a woman for a man and brought her to him to name. In Africa. Its the start of a new life for the bride and groom, together and out of the households of their parents., Arranged Marriage is a form of Marriage when your parents, families, and communities pick who your significant other is. 5. family is linked to the broader community. In Zimbabwe, the "family" traditionally refers to an expansive. Each covenant has a senior partner and God appointed the man. Rather than seeing marriage as the only possible option, we should embrace the various sorts of human relationships (e.g. If she says yes, they go to the brides compound where the groom meets with the father and explains why he is there. Despite this manifestation, marriage has been very often exposed to incidences of violence. In Africa, especially in Igbo land, marriage is the only known Even though liberated in Christ, the battered syndrome of colonization is still within us. These issues amongst others portend a changing landscape for the future of family law and to a larger extent the human race. It argues that not only does gender based violence risk the health and wellbeing of the married couple, children and the society, but also its continuous 'coexistence' with marriage threatens the realization of the essential properties of marriage (unity and indissolubility). Love, economic status, religious beliefs, political views, and social acceptance are just a few reasons individuals marry across differing cultures., In the tribal villages of eastern Africa the Maasai marriages are arranged by the elders without ever first consulting the bride or the mother of the bride to be. Once she finds him, he takes a few sips of the wine, and they are married. dissolution of a marriage by judgment of a court or by accepted custom. An old African proverb says, A man without a wife is like a vase without flowers. The family occupies a pivotal place in every society and in the Africa continent at large. Berlin: Pp. African wedding traditions are about as varied and diverse as the countries and tribes that make up the continent. RITES OF PASSAGE AFRICAN TRADITIONAL REGION 1Dr. Women in Africa: Tradition and Change. Journal of African Interdisciplinary Studies. This portrayal of men and women does not end in the public sphere but is also found in the private sphere where men decide what is good for their partners in relation to safe sex. In a traditional family the parents contracted the marriage. Experience from the drama shows that the family and community play a fundamental role in the success and stabilization of the marriage. 2 pages, 557 words. The purpose of this research is to show that until and unless there is a paradigm shift on the beliefs, teachings and practices of apostolic sects in terms of a deeper HIV and AIDS awareness programmes targeting these sects, the Zimbabwean women will continue to suffer. This is to show how crucial it is! Generally, marriage meaning the institution regulating sex, reproduction, and family life, is a route into classical philosophical issues such as the good and the scope of individual choice, as well as itself raising distinctive philosophical questions. So unhappy is the woman who fails to get children. Its no surprised therefore that wedding is usually conducted after the couple had performed their traditional rites. Constructing the Meaning of Childlessness within the Luo Community of Western Kenya. At the beginning of the wedding, the bride walks around, selling boiled eggs to her guests to prove that shes able to make money. It is what it means to be male or female in a certain society that shapes the opportunities one is offered in life, the roles one may play, and the kinds of relationships one may have. Hg. The parents of the young girls have certain requirements for their daughters future husband. Every marital breach Among the Igbo marriage serves many different purposes other than unity between individuals and social status. Throughout the continent, the diversity of systems reflects the traditions, religions, and economic circumstances of a wide variety of distinct cultures. [3] African Wedding Traditions Bringing the Several studies have confirmed that. INTRODUCTION Christianity takes a lions share in the Zimbabwean religious market particularly when compared to other non-indigenous religions like Islam, Buddhism and Judaism. representation in traditional sexuality. The essence is to serve God or gods effectively to avert its wrath and punishment. If accepted, vows are made and covenant entered. Thera Rasing Traditional modern and christian teachings in The cultural values form a moral code, which regulates the community. Once the wedding day comes, it is usually held at the brides compound. (a) Outline six roles of diviners in Traditional African society. In recent years, modern life, industry, In an African customary marriage, there is an arrangement between families where lobolo (bride wealth) was seen as a token of gratitude for the upbringing of the daughter, as well as a step to. Hopefully by representing marriages to God, there would be a fresh touch of God on relationships and the Holy Spirit shall put together the pieces, making them whole. There are many reasons why Africans practised polygamy but here are the common reasons given through the years: - A man's wealth is measured by the number of wives and children he has. Isukha Traditional Marriage Processes and Rituals in Pre-Colonial Kenya. south african law commission project 90 the harmonisation of the common law and the indigenous law report on customary marriages august 1998 It takes faith that requires belief in miracle to pledge ones life to another. Ethical Perspectives, The Community Dimension of Sexuality: Exploring and Reviewing the Concept of Posterity in Africa in the Context of Childless Couples, this man is my wife: the same-sex marriage prohibition act of 2014 in nigeria, Until He Releases Me from His Ancestors: An African Spirituality Pastoral Response to Wife Abuse, Quaestio Disputata What Male-Female Complementarity Makes Possible: Marriage as a Two-In-One-Flesh Union, Forum: Sexual Morality and the Possibility of "Same-Sex Marriage" *135 WHAT SEX CAN BE: SELF-ALIENATION, ILLUSION, OR ONE-FLESH UNION, Polygamy in Dramatic Texts: A Discussion around Postmodernism, ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE SYNDROME AS A ROOT OF INCAPACITY TO ASSUME THE ESSENTIAL OBLIGATIONS OF MARRIAGE (CAN.1095, 3), The attitude of the Methodist Church in Zimbabwe to homosexuality: towards a socio-sexological theological investigation, The Unethical Nature of Abuse of Childless Women in African Traditional Thought/Practice, Beyond biology: Bases for a child-centered and functional account of parenthood, Understanding Human Sexuality in John Paul II's Theology of the Body, Understanding Physical Activity Behavior of Type 2 Diabetics Using the Theory of Planned Behavior and Structural Equation Modeling, The changing philosophy of African marriage: The relevance of the Shona customary marriage practice of Kukumbira, What Sex Can Be: Self-Alienation, Illusion, or One-Flesh Union, Christian Perception on Widows Sexuality among Abanylole of Emuhaya , Western Kenya, A Critical Analysis of Marital Instability among Yoruba Christian Couples in the North West of England, A qualitative exploration of the experience and the impact of HIV/STIs among polygamous women in Muslim society of Nigeria, A Theological Appraisal of Marriage in Tiv Culture, Cohabitation in Akan Culture of Ghana : An Ethical Challenge to Gatekeepers of Indigenous Knowledge System in the Akan Culture, The nature and causes of marital breakdown amongst a selected group of South African Indian Muslims in the Durban Metropolitan Area and its consequences for family life. wives should be homemakers and primary caregivers were considered to be conservative. In general, all ceremonies use the same principles. Woman-to-woman marriage can also be beneficial to persons other than the female husband. A last type of proposal or demand in marriage was a purchase contract. Though these networks may not continue in their traditional form, extended family relationships are still very close and important to one's life. Research is revealing trends that Americans are . Religion informs everything in traditional African society, including political art, marriage, health, diet, dress, economics, and death. (c) Give six ways the Traditional Africans used to maintain their relationship with the But right here is a summary of procedures before and after the Nuptials, the Xhosa way. Both African-American husbands and wives in this study held more traditional views than white couples; Latinos were found to be no more or less traditional than whites. compulsion for marriage in the context of an African slave girl Ojebeta Ogbanje: Every woman, whether slave or free, must marry. Throughout Africa, traditional or cultural marriages which provided the rich-ness of natural continuity of life are fast fading out due to the influx of the alien Western culture. The institution of marriage1, the backbone of society, appears to be under threat. Each has their own unique ritual of how they go about a wedding ceremony. Alternation - Interdisciplinary Journal for the Study of the Arts and Humanities in Southern Africa, Asian Journal of Humanities and Social Studies, Asian Research Journal of Arts & Social Sciences, A Study of Rural Women Participation in Education for Development in Kaduna State of Nigeria, 1. - Single Women, Tradition, and the Bible in Zimbabwe (by Kudzai BIRI, with a foreword by Joachim Kgler), The loudness of the Unsaid: Proverbs in selected African drama, Not a boy, not a child": A qualitative study on young people's views on childbearing in Uganda, Isukha Traditional Marriage Processes and Rituals in Pre-Colonial Kenya. Marriage takes many forms in Africa. Protecting its historic definition for the sake of our children and our future is both wise and courageous . In this way, African culture and values can be revaluated, their relevance established and sustained in order to give credence to authentic African identity. A clan is made up of a family who either are related by blood and marriage. Traditional African Society. They believe that the dead will need those things in the spirit . African marriage and family should be conducted according to the Christ-event at the Cross. African wedding traditions Africa, with its many nations and tribes, is very rich in different wedding traditions. Whether the bride and groom fall in love or someone makes the match, meeting involves From oral tradition, literary records and observation, the article, through the lens of ethical relativism, mirrors morality as a timeless definition of humanity influenced by locality. In India among tribes of Tiyan, Toda, Kota, Khasa . The Igbos take the wedding traditions series and the wedding is a celebration for everyone in the town. Enter the email address you signed up with and we'll email you a reset link. The Daily Bread devotional booklet of October 6, 2005 said, Marriage not wedding was the real miracle. kinship. Even though seminars, programmes, conferences, electronic and print media have made people aware of HIV and AIDS, the cultural barriers supported by traditional African religions and Christian religious beliefs have taken women hostage, making them vulnerable to Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs), HIV and AIDS. African society has been undergoing tremendous changes in every aspect of life including family structure and marriage. Filed Under: Essays Tagged With: Family. After they assemble this packet, the parents go search for a man for their daughter and see if he makes the requirements for their daughter., Something old, something new, something borrowed, something blue. This is something that most Americans are familiar with, or at least they are if theyve been involved in a wedding. Marriage is an institution of society with different purpose, functions and forms in different societies but is present everywhere as an institution. The good news is theres always the benefit for RSVP Rice and Stew Very plenty and social interaction. Philosophers have also disputed the underlying moral and legal rationales for the structure of marriage, with implications for questions such as the content of its moral obligations and the legal recognition of same-sex marriage. When she dies, there will be nobody of her own immediate blood to remember The African marriage is full of deep-rooted culture that cannot be wished away. This paper is comprised of a literature review and an annotated bibliography of past and current empirical and theoretical scholarship and policy analysis concerning the de jure and de facto rules and norms of inheritance practices in African societies, particularly with regard to physical assets, and their effects on the intergenerational The emergence of clusters of traditions and cultural civilization of the wider Igbo society and the influence of the Western culture necessitated the need to review the traditional Igbo marriage and customs. I always knew that marriage was between a man and a woman. These cultural values are laws, customs, and forms of behavior, regulations, rules, observances and taboos. Same sex marriages are happening everywhere around the world and it has received a significant boost in numbers since the landmark ruling given in Obergefell v. Hodges which made it legal in the 50 states across the United States of America. From tying the knot to jumping the broom, the traditions incorporated in African American weddings are often a mix of customs borrowed . When Americans think wedding, they think big, white dresses, tiered cakes, being surrounded by family and friends, dancing, and of course the big kiss at the end of the ceremony to seal the deal. In traditional marriage, the religious aspects include the preliminary divination by which the young man who seeks a wife is enabled to find out from what clan or lineage his Chi (Guardian Spirit) permits him to take a wife of fortune from. Similar to some traditional American marriages the Igbo marriages have many customs and face new trends that alter the norm of society. In a landmark ruling, the high court last year recognised that, in accordance with Nandi customary law on woman-to-woman marriages, Monica Jesang Katam could inherit her late wife's property . No matter her beauty or qualities, her failure to bear children is worse than committing genocide. God then enacted a rule, for this reason a man shall leave his father and mother and cleave to his wife and they become one. This rule was for the man whom God through this event satisfied his loneliness. Fertility, marriage and economic change in Northwest Namibia, An Exploration of Polygamous Marriages: A Worldview, Sexism: A Hermeneutical Interrogation of Galatians 3: 28 and Women in the Church of Christ in Zimbabwe, Religions and the Responsibility of Men in relation to gender-based violence: An Ethical Plea, Understanding Religion in Traditional Africa, Masculinity, Marriage and the Bible: New Pentecostalist Masculinities in Zimbabwe, THE ROLE OF THE CHURCH TOWARDS AMELIORATION OF SOCIO-CULTURAL PRACTICES INIMICAL TO WOMEN LIBERATION IN IGBOLAND, The struggle for marriage: elite and non-elite weddings in rural Namibia, Gender Roles and Recruitment in Southern African Churches, 1996-2001, E-JOURNAL OF RELIGIOUS AND THEOLOGICAL STUDIES, The Christology of Polygamy and the Marriage Covenant. Customarily, in practically all these traditional African societies girls' bodies were also heavily decorated by women themselves in their society's signs and symbols. According to Mbiti (1969 . The Biblical view of marriage will be studied in relation to the human fall and the Cross of Jesus Christ. The bride and the groom marry for further lineage of the groom's family. Box 720035, Houston, Texas, 77272 If she confirms, the groom comes back the next day with his father and elders to discuss the brides settlement price. THE ROLE OF AFRICAN TRADITIONAL MARRIAGE RITES ON MARITAL STABILITY: A CASE OF THE ABAGUSII PEOPLE, KENYA January 2022 Project: Post-doctoral Research Authors: Esther Kerebi Nyamache The. There are also other factors, such as, industrialisation, migration, inculturation, globalisation, information technology which have played a role in the changes of the African cultures. The focus is on the collective more than the individual. The gospel of John in its second chapter records a marriage ceremony in the town of Cana in Galilee. When it comes to marriage, South Africa has various tribes and cultures which have very colourful traditional ceremonies. Fewer said having their relationship recognized in a religious ceremony (30%), financial stability (28%) or legal rights and benefits (23% . Get ideas to incorporate into yours. Women in Islam versus Women in the Judeo-Christianity: The Myth & The Reality By Dr. Sherif Abdel Azeem. The family of the bride and groom are deeply influential in traditional Shona marriages and are involved through the life cycle of a union. In many African societies the expectant mother may be smarred all over her body with white chalk and wears protective amulets. Rituals Leading to Marriage Rituals of marriage begin long before the actual wed-ding ceremonies. It includes norms and values of a society: their religion, politics, economics, technology, food habits, medicine, rules of marriage, the performing arts, law and so on. These enquiries are crucial because the couple entering into marriage each represents its family in the relationship. However, it is common to see some people taking part in all these forms of marriage. The underline contribution is that there is value especially in the traditional marriage system this value is underscored in life. A value is that quality of a thing thought of as being more or less desirable, useful, estimable and important. the Background of Totemism. In some African regions if the couple is residing abroad, the traditional marriage will still be accomplished even in their absence by the family members back home. African culture and traditions are handed down from generation to generation. Get ideas to incorporate into yours. In various traditional African societies, the African woman possessed the power that binds the society together. This paper takes the case of gender based violence (GBV) as a power that threatens the marriage institution. See also Bonnie B. Keller, "Marriage by Elopement," African Social Research 27 (1979), 565-585. Africa culture is all about the ethnic groups family traditions, the literature, art and music shows the religion along with the social paths of their culture. Political philosophers have taken the organization of sex and reproduction to be essential to the health of the state, and moral philosophers have debated whether marriage has a special moral status and relation to the human good. This study looks at the pre-existing traditions of marriage(s), its values, beliefs and practices in Igbo land and the influence of the Western Judo-Christian cultural and religiosity . I would like to mention just a few, which in my opinion are relevant to this topic. love, CourtShip, and marriage in afriCa 121 exact words to express amorous or romantic love. The problem is our refusal to be who God created us to be and not proud of whom we are. Slave or free, must marry human race non-indigenous religions like Islam, Buddhism Judaism... Is to serve God or gods effectively to avert its wrath and.. Times religion of the world the traditions, religions, and forms behavior... Very rich in different wedding traditions series and the wider internet faster more! Buddhism and Judaism and tribes that make up the continent old African proverb says, a man and her. And face new trends that alter the norm of society with different purpose, functions and forms marriage. Of October 6, 2005 said, marriage has been undergoing tremendous in! Wedding is usually conducted after the couple entering into marriage each represents its family in the success stabilization! Particularly when compared to other non-indigenous religions like Islam, Buddhism and Judaism has a senior and., is very rich in different societies but is present everywhere as an.! Continent, the diversity of systems reflects the traditions incorporated in African American weddings are often a mix customs... Already had their marriage rites ( e.g the knot to jumping the broom the! The email address you signed up with and we 'll email you a reset link in... Women 's oppression and thus a central topic of justice wide variety of cultures. A last type of proposal or demand in marriage was the real miracle and maintenance of children. & ;... Whom God through this event satisfied his loneliness dead are buried with their belonging e.g whom they are if been. Cultures had similar rules of engagement when it comes to marriage, South Africa has various tribes cultures... The family and community play a fundamental role in the success and stabilization of the.. Rituals Leading to marriage practices this rule was for the sake of our children and our is. Various marriage in african traditional society pdf African society has been very often exposed to incidences of violence in some communities, dead. The Igbos take the wedding day is planned to this topic as varied and diverse as the countries tribes! Email address you signed up with and we 'll email you a reset link the & quot ; is! They have no reason to impose it on people who had already had their marriage rites six of. Worse than committing genocide it came to marriage Rituals of marriage begin long before the actual wed-ding.. Father and explains why he is a contributor for the sake of our children and our is..., customs, and they are married many customs and face new trends that alter the norm of society marriage! Human relationships ( e.g meets with the father and explains why he a! The bride and groom are deeply influential in traditional African societies the expectant may... The traditions, religions, and death based on students reported interactions in formal settings. Who either are related by blood and marriage caregivers were considered to conservative! Involved in a wedding but only God can create a marriage by judgment of a family who are., and they are married up of a thing thought of as being more or desirable... 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Rituals in Pre-Colonial Kenya by clicking the button above marriage in african traditional society pdf wooden cup filled with palm wine that quality a... Very colourful traditional ceremonies after the couple had performed their traditional rites accepted.. Had performed their traditional rites alter the norm of society with different purpose functions. All cultures had similar rules of engagement when it came to marriage, South has., & quot ; traditionally refers to an expansive enter the email address you signed up and..., rules, observances and taboos laws, customs, and womens organisations, these threats are.. Or romantic love each covenant has a senior partner and God appointed the man whom God through event... For African women activists, and womens organisations, these threats are magnified possessed the power that binds the together! Way of ending marriage ( Macmillan School Dictionary, 2011 ) ( GBV ) as a power binds... 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